These forests are remnants of the Cenozoic Era, which were destroyed in most parts of the world due to the Ice Age but were preserved in Iran due to the unique climatic conditions of the Alborz mountains.
This region is the habitat for rare tree species such as "Parrotia persica" (Ironwood) and "Yew," which are known as "living fossils." The stunning biodiversity and the vital role of these forests in the sustainability of the region's ecosystem have made them a global natural museum that stores the history of the Earth's plant life.